Types of Orbits

 

1.       Geostationary Orbit

·         T= 24 hours

·         Circular orbit

·         Inclination angle 0°

2.       Geosynchronous Orbit [GEO]

·         T= 24 hours

·         Inclination other than 0°

·         Height of such a satellite is given by:

       _h=36,000Km

·         The orbit in which geostationary satellite revolves is called parking orbit.

·         Orbital velocity of such satellite,

3.       Polar Orbit [PO]

·         Inclination of 90°

·         Used for mapping or surveillance operation.

·         Height higher than 250km.

4.       Morniya Orbits

·         Height eccentric earth orbits with T=12 hours.

·         Inclination are of 63.4° & 116.6°

·         Provides good ground coverage at high northern latitudes.

5.       Walking Orbits

·         Subjected to several alternative gravitational force influences such like Sun, Moon and alternative planets.

·         Due to uneven forces, not excellent spherical form of planet & slightly uneven mass distribution leads to effect on spacecraft’s flight.

6.       Sun Synchronous Orbit [SSO]

·         Same period as the planet’s solar orbit period are called Sun synchronous orbit.

·         Carry instruments which depend on a certain angle of solar illumination on the planet’s surface.